自然语言处理工具ChatGPT在临床实践中的应用:比较研究和增强系统审查
Nikolas Schopow1, Georg Osterhoff1, David Baur1
1Department for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
JMIR medical informatics
|November 28, 2023
概括
像ChatGPT这样的自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型在系统性审查中显示出与人类研究人员的高度一致. NLP有可能提高临床效率和患者的治疗结果,因此需要进一步研究应用和伦理.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床研究方法论 临床研究方法论
背景情况:
- 在系统审查任务中对人类研究人员和OpenAI的ChatGPT进行比较分析.
- 在临床实践中对自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型应用的评估,通过对5项研究的审查.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT和人类研究人员在从临床文章中提取关键信息的可靠性.
- 通过精选的研究,研究NLP在临床环境中的实际用途.
主要方法:
- 临床文章的系统审查是由人类研究人员和ChatGPT独立进行的.
- 使用Fleiss和Cohen κ统计数据进行参数提取的协议评估.
主要成果:
- 对于大多数参数,ChatGPT与人类研究人员之间的一致性很高,对研究设计,临床任务和实施的一致性较低.
- 确定了5项研究,展示了临床环境中的多种NLP应用,提高了效率和结果.
- 例子包括过敏检测,分类和退伍军人心理治疗质量指标.
结论:
- 包括ChatGPT在内的NLP模型显示了系统审查和临床任务的潜力,提高了医疗保健的效率和准确性.
- 有局限性,但NLP为改善医疗保健提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 未来的研究应该扩大临床应用,并解决伦理方面的考虑.
关键词:
聊天GPT 聊天 在GPT 聊天在 GPT-3 中使用.在 GPT-4 中使用.在NLP中,我们使用了NLP.人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.临床决策支持系统临床决策支持系统临床实践中的临床实践提取物 提取物提取物提取 提取 提取 提取医疗保健 医疗保健 医疗保健医疗保健 医疗保健 医疗保健 医疗保健语言模型语言模型大型语言模型.机器学习是机器学习.自然语言处理自然语言处理.审查方法论 审查方法论审查方法 审查方法这是一个系统的系统的系统的系统.系统性审查 系统性审查文本 文本 文本没有结构的非结构化.更多相关视频
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