在战斗创伤中与低温的季节性关联
Ian Eisenhauer1,2,3,4, Michael D April5,6, Julie A Rizzo5,7
1University of Colorado Center for Combat Medicine and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Military medicine
|November 28, 2023
概括
战斗人员在冬季比夏季更有可能出现低温症. 低温的季节性变化与环境温度有关,并增加死亡风险,需要改善寒冷天气作业的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 创伤护理 创伤护理
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 低温是创伤患者,特别是军事伤亡者的死亡的一个重要危险因素.
- 季节性温度变化对战斗环境下低温发病率的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查季节性环境温度与战斗伤亡中低温的发生之间的关联.
- 为了确定战斗人员在特定的季节是否更容易出现低温.
主要方法:
- 美国国防部创伤登记数据集 (2007-2020年) 的二次分析,包括美国和联盟在阿富汗和伊拉克的伤亡.
- 使用多变量后勤回归模型来评估低温 (<36.2°C) 与季节性环境温度之间的关联,并根据损伤严重程度,机制和运输时间进行调整.
主要成果:
- 与夏季相比,战斗人员在冬季出现低温的可能性是冬季的2.28倍.
- 在冬季几个月,观察到急诊室温度较低.
- 低温伤亡者表现出更高的死亡率,损伤严重程度得分增加,以及多个身体区域重伤的发病率更高.
结论:
- 在战斗伤亡中发现了低温发生的明显季节性变化,与环境温度密切相关.
- 研究结果强调需要加强低温症的预防和治疗策略,特别是在寒冷环境中的操作.
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