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电生理学人群动态揭示了人类前额叶皮层决策过程中的上下文依赖性

Wan-Yu Shih¹, Hsiang-Yu Yu^2,3,4, Cheng-Chia Lee^3,4,5

¹Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. wanyushih.y@nycu.edu.tw.

Nature communications

|November 28, 2023

概括

根据新的研究,人类的轨道前皮层 (OFC) 在决策过程中同时代表主观价值和上下文依赖的价值信号. 这些发现提升了我们对选择行为背后的神经机制的理解.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知神经科学认知神经科学
决策科学决策科学决策科学

背景情况:

轨道前皮层 (OFC) 在人类和非人类灵长类动物的决策过程中参与编码主观价值.
以前对非人类灵长类动物的研究表明,这些价值信号是取决于背景的,受到最近经验的影响.

研究的目的:

调查人类OFC中主观价值和上下文依赖的价值信号的存在和表示.
为了确定价值信号中上下文依赖的理论预测是否可以在人类前额皮质活动中观察到.

主要方法:

利用一个拍卖任务,用分布式电极监测人类患者.
包括OFC在内的皮层和皮下部位记录了高马活性,而患者报告了零食食品的主观值.
分析神经活动与报告的主观值的相关性以及基于先前选择的上下文调制.

主要成果:

包括OFC在内的多个大脑区域的高马活性与项目的主观价值正相关.
确定了特定的OFC站点,这些站点通过先前评估的项目的主观价值调节信号,证明了上下文的依赖性.
在人类前额皮层活动中观察到对象值和价值-上下文信号的同时但独立的神经表示.

结论:

在选择任务中,人类的OFC活动同时编码绝对主观价值和上下文依赖的价值信号.
这些发现为OFC中的上下文依赖价值调制提供了人类的第一个直接证据,与理论预测保持一致.
在OFC中,价值和价值上下文信号的独特表示为复杂决策的神经基础提供了新的见解.

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