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Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework
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匈牙利水安全计划审计的双重系统:好处和经验教训
Zsuzsanna Bufa-Dőrr1, Ágnes Sebestyén2, Bálint Izsák2
1Department of Public Health Laboratories and Methodology, National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Albert Flórián út 2-6, Budapest 1097, Hungary
Journal of water and health
|November 29, 2023
概括
通过采用双重审计方法实施水安全计划 (WSP),可显著提高饮用水安全. 国家模板进一步提高了WSP开发和审计的一致性和效率.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 基于风险的方法,以世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的水安全计划 (WSP) 框架为例,对于确保安全饮用水至关重要.
- 在匈牙利,WSP开发是供水商的法律要求,受两阶段监管审计的约束:中央技术审计和地方正式审计.
研究的目的:
- 根据1200多个水安全计划的经验,评估匈牙利对水安全计划 (WSP) 双重审计系统的有效性.
- 评估国家WSP模板对审计效率和一致性的影响.
主要方法:
- 在2019年与世卫组织合作进行了一项全国性调查,收集了来自供水商和公共卫生当局的审计经验数据.
- 分析重点是中央审计建议的影响和使用标准化的WSP模板.
主要成果:
- 中央审计建议显然提高了WSP的连贯性和合规性,验证了双重审计战略.
- 使用国家WSP模板带来了更大的一致性,并减少了审计所需的时间和精力.
- 水供应商和公共卫生机构都认为,需要在WSP开发和审计方面加强能力建设.
结论:
- 匈牙利的双重审计系统,在国家模板的支持下,通过加强WSP实施,有效地提高了饮用水安全.
- 应对危险识别和风险评估方面的挑战,特别是关于水源和内部配送的挑战,仍然至关重要.
- 预计即将到来的欧盟饮用水法规将推动WSP的采用,并更全面地从水域到建筑层面整合水安全.
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