患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童的饮食和感官特征及其典型发育的同龄人
Simonetta Panerai1, Valentina Catania2, Sonia Ingoglia3
1Simonetta Panerai, PsyD, is Head Psychologist, Unit of Psychology, Department of Brain Aging, Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy; spanerai@oasi.en.it.
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和饮食障碍的儿童与没有饮食障碍和典型发育儿童相比,表现出不同的感官和饮食行为. 建议对与ASD相关的食困难进行早期基于感官的干预.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 感官处理障碍是儿童食困难的已知相关因子.
- 有限的研究存在,将自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和饮食问题 (ASD-W) 的儿童与没有饮食问题 (ASD-WO) 和典型发育 (TD) 的儿童进行比较.
研究的目的:
- 调查ASD-W,ASD-WO和TD组之间饮食和感官特征的差异.
- 识别感官和饮食行为与特定感官维度之间的关联.
- 在ASD人群中探索与年龄相关的感觉和饮食特征的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项非随机比较研究,涉及165名儿童 (117名有自闭症,48名TD).
- 通过采访父母使用标准化问卷收集的数据:简要的自闭症饮食时间行为清单,简短的感觉概况和感觉体验问卷.
- 参与者被分为ASD-W,ASD-WO和TD组.
主要成果:
- 而ASD-W组则表现出普遍的饮食行为障碍以及最显著的感官反应问题.
- 在ASD-WO和TD组之间没有观察到养行为的显著差异.
- 所有患有自闭症的儿童都表现出感官过敏或过低反应,其中有四个关键的感官维度与饮食行为有关.
结论:
- 独特的饮食和感官特征使ASD群体,特别是ASD-W,与TD儿童有所区别.
- 对于患有自闭症和饮食问题的儿童,强烈建议采用包含感官刺激的早期干预策略.
- 这项研究提供了有关ASD和饮食挑战儿童感官和饮食特征的新型比较数据.
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