在埃及亚历山大的织工业工人中出现呼吸道症状和肺功能障碍
Noha Elshaer1, Nermin Foda1, Sameh Shehata1
1Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Journal of public health in Africa
|November 29, 2023
概括
在埃及织工人中,职业暴露于棉花灰尘显著增加了慢性支气管炎和 byssinosis 等呼吸系统问题. 建议通过定期的肺功能测试进行早期诊断.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 职业暴露于棉花尘埃是全球织工人的重大健康危害.
- 埃及等较不发达国家在这个领域面临更高的呼吸道疾病负担.
- 织工人因吸入灰尘而面临各种呼吸道症状和疾病的风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估埃及织工人的呼吸系统症状和疾病.
- 为了评估肺功能模式与棉花粉暴露的关系.
- 为了确定 byssinosis 的患病率及其与呼吸系统健康结果的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及埃及364名男性织工人 (184名暴露,180名未暴露) 的横截面比较研究.
- 数据收集包括问卷 (人口统计,英国医学研究委员会),人体测量测量,肺功能测试 (精神测量) 和 byssinosis分级.
- 描述性和分析性统计方法用于数据分析.
主要成果:
- 与未暴露的工人相比,暴露于棉花灰尘的工人报告的慢性咳,液和呼吸短促率显著更高.
- 慢性支气管炎的患病率在暴露组 (12%) 与未暴露组 (3.9%) 相比显著更高.
- 暴露的工人表现出明显较低的肺功能指数 (VC,FVC,FEV1,PEFR等). ),表明大气道功能受损. 比西诺症的患病率为22.8%.
结论:
- 职业棉尘暴露与埃及织工人呼吸道症状和发病率增加之间存在实质性的关联.
- 双鼻炎是普遍存在的,并与更严重的呼吸道症状,慢性支气管炎和肺功能减弱有关.
- 定期监测高峰呼气流量 (PEFR) 的交叉轮班变化对于在暴露的工人中早期检测牛病至关重要.
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