低效的注意力控制解释了军事退伍军人中言语记忆缺陷的原因,这些退伍军人患有创伤后重现症状
Craig A Marquardt1,2, Victor J Pokorny2,3, Seth G Disner1,2
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota.
概括
创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 与口头记忆缺陷有关,特别是重新体验症状. 在文字处理过程中注意力控制可能解释了退伍军人的这些认知障碍.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 患有创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的人通常在口头学习和记忆方面表现出缺陷.
- 与视觉空间记忆等其他认知功能相比,这些记忆障碍是值得注意的.
- 了解PTSD背后的特定认知机制对于有效治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究PTSD症状与退伍军人的口头记忆表现之间的关系.
- 检查注意力控制和处理速度在PTSD相关记忆缺陷中的作用.
- 为了区分重新体验症状与其他PTSD集群和创伤性脑损伤对口头记忆的影响.
主要方法:
- 对243名先前部署的退伍军人进行了单词记忆和词汇的临床评估.
- 一项实验室任务评估了147名参与者的编码,自由回忆,重复初始化和单词识别.
- 统计分析检查了PTSD症状集群,创伤性脑损伤和各种口头记忆措施之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 语言记忆障碍被选择性地与重新体验PTSD症状相关,而不是其他症状组或创伤性脑损伤.
- 隐性原始化对反应时间的影响与临床症状无关.
- 在编码阶段响应时间较慢,调解了重新体验症状和记忆表现之间的关系.
结论:
- 注意力控制的改变似乎是PTSD患者口头记忆缺陷的基础.
- 这些发现表明,有效的注意力处理口头信息对于管理创伤后重现症状至关重要.
- 对以创伤为重点的心理治疗的影响强调了针对恢复的注意力机制的重要性.
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