生命史对婴儿期的影响以及人类社会认知的演变
1Department of Anthropology, College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 29, 2023
概括
人类进化与更长的寿命,更慢的发育和合作性社交性有关,这解释了我们更大的大脑. 婴儿生存挑战推动了人类独特的社会行为和认知的发展.
科学领域:
- 人类进化人类的进化.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
背景情况:
- 与大猿相比,人类表现出不同的生命史特征,包括更长寿,更慢的成熟和更短的出生间隔.
- 假设这些特征与人类大脑和合作性社交的演变有关.
研究的目的:
- 综合理论和证据,解释人类生命历史特征如何有助于大脑和合作性社交的进化.
- 探索婴儿生存挑战在塑造人类社会情感发展和认知进化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对现有的关于人类进化,生命史,大脑大小和社交性的理论和证据进行审查和综合.
- 萨拉·赫尔迪关于婴儿生存和社会情感胃口的假设的整合.
- 考虑芭芭拉·芬莱 (Barbara Finlay) 关于发育时间和哺乳动物大脑大小之间的关系的发现.
主要成果:
- 人类生命史的特征,特别是与婴儿存活相关的特征,很可能推动了"情感现代"社会认知的演变.
- 竞争资源和补贴的婴儿在具有挑战性的环境中,选择社会参与和连接.
- 人类和黑猩猩婴儿之间反应的相似性表明可比的祖先婴儿行为.
结论:
- 由婴儿生存需求驱动的人类生命史特征的演变,为理解大脑和复杂的社会合作的发展提供了一个框架.
- 祖先的婴儿养习惯和环境压力是塑造人类社会情感食欲和认知能力的关键因素.
- 在人类中观察到的"情感现代"社会认知具有与早期发育和生存挑战相关的深刻进化根源.
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