风险承担,损失厌恶,以及在动态和异质锦标赛中的绩效反
1School of Physical Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 29, 2023
概括
领先的足球队随着领先的增长而减少进攻强度,特别是在对阵较弱的对手时. 落后的球队攻击更多,但得分更少,而领先的球队在关键的防守和设置尺度上表现不佳.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 绩效分析 绩效分析
- 足球分析 足球分析
背景情况:
- 了解职业足球中的团队动态和风险承担对于性能优化至关重要.
- 临时比赛状态显著影响战略决策和比赛期间的球员行为.
- 之前的研究已经探索了压力下的表现,但游戏状态和异质性的相互作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查临时游戏状态对职业足球中的风险承担和表现的影响.
- 分析游戏状态和团队异质性如何影响在压力下的表现.
- 为了识别由领先,落后或绑定的游戏状态影响的特定绩效指标.
主要方法:
- 分析了欧洲前五大足球联赛 (2017-2018赛季) 1,826场比赛中的9,256个游戏段.
- 利用波桑回归来建模游戏状态和异质性对性能的影响.
- 检查了冒险行为和表现指标,如攻击强度,对目标的射门,阻的射门,角球和自由.
主要成果:
- 强大的球队增加了对弱势对手的攻击强度,但随着他们的领先优势不断增长,降低了攻击强度,特别是在异质的比赛中.
- 落后的球队加强了攻击,但取得了有限的成功;领先的球队在阻塞投篮和角球中表现不佳.
- 与领先的球队相比,平局的球队在目标射门和罚球方面表现较差,尽管动机更高.
结论:
- 游戏状态和球队相对实力显著影响足球中的风险承担和表现策略.
- 领先的团队可能在某些指标上表现不佳,当他们的领先优势很大时.
- 了解这些动态为提高团队绩效提供了对战略调整的洞察力.
相关概念视频
01:04Social Facilitation
32.0K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
32.0K
01:22Bias
4.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
4.2K
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
01:23Optimal Arousal Theory
191
The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
191
01:12Hindsight Biases
3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
3.4K
04:49Robbers Cave
14.3K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.3K