倾向性宽恕的个性相关:直接比较人际关系和自我宽恕,使用常见的过犯场景
Lucas E Hampton1, Nicholas P Carruth2, John H Lurquin1
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 29, 2023
概括
这项研究揭示了自我宽恕与宽恕他人之间的关键人格差异. 良心和内化失败独特地预测了自我宽恕,与人际宽恕不同,突出了不同的心理基础.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 倾向性人际宽恕的相关性是众所周知的,但倾向性自我宽恕的相关性较少被理解.
- 以前对宽恕类型的比较依赖于自我报告问卷,限制了洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 通过基于场景的方法来研究倾向性自我宽恕的个性相关性.
- 为了比较个性相关的自我宽恕和人际宽恕直接.
- 为了比较基于场景和基于问卷的宽恕评估方法.
主要方法:
- 160名参与者阅读虚构的犯罪情景,评估自我宽恕 (n=78) 或人际宽恕 (n=82).
- 测量包括宽恕的各个方面 (避免,报复,仁慈),五大人物的个性特征和解释风格.
- 进行了与Heartland宽恕量表 (HFS) 的探索性比较.
主要成果:
- 愉悦和神经主义预测了人际宽恕的方面.
- 良心和内化失败独特地预测了自我宽恕的方面,特别是避免.
- 通过场景评估的HFS自我子度量与人际关系比自我宽恕更相关.
结论:
- 自我宽恕和人际宽恕的性格相关性显示了相似之处和差异.
- 基于场景和基于问卷的方法可以评估宽恕的不同方面,特别是自我宽恕.
- 直接在研究中的比较对于理解宽恕细微差别至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.3K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.3K
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
39.0K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
39.0K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
49.9K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
49.9K
00:56Attribution Theory
13.0K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
13.0K
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
356
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
356