大麻素的功能是防御在大麻sativa中食草食动物的作用
George M Stack1, Stephen I Snyder2, Jacob A Toth1
1Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456, United States.
Horticulture research
|November 29, 2023
概括
大麻sativa产生大麻素,这些化合物以前被研究用于医疗用途. 新的研究表明,这些大麻素也起到了防御机制的作用,减少了像毛虫这样的草动物的伤害.
科学领域:
- 植物生物化学 植物生物化学
- 化学生态化学生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 几十年前发现的大麻素已经被广泛研究了它们在脊椎动物中的药用和麻醉作用.
- 植物中的大麻素产生的适应性作用,例如对紫外线辐射,病原体或食草动物的防御,仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
- 之前的假设表明大麻素具有潜在的保护功能,但经验证据,特别是对食草动物的证据是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查大麻sativa中大麻素产生的适应性价值,特别是它们在防御草食动物方面的作用.
- 为了测试这种假设,即植物中较高的大麻素度与减少草食动物损害相关.
- 阐明大麻素调解大麻生和草动物之间的相互作用的机制.
主要方法:
- 用于实验室和现场生物测试的Cannabis sativa的分离F2种群.
- 在实地条件下评估了草食动物的损害,并在实验室生物测试中量化了叶子消耗和幼虫生长,使用Trichoplusia ni.
- 使用显微镜检查腺体三形态,并进行了用人工饮食补充纯化大麻素的食试验.
主要成果:
- 现场观测显示,叶子中的大麻素度与食草食动物损伤之间存在反向相关性.
- 实验室实验表明,Trichoplusia ni幼虫的叶子消耗和生长减少,它们以高大麻素Cannabis sativa叶子为食.
- 随着人工饮食中大麻素度的增加,幼虫生长和生存率显著下降,这表明有直接的毒性或威作用.
结论:
- 大麻sativa中的大麻素在保护植物免受食草食动物的侵害中发挥着重要作用.
- 这些发现支持了大麻素作为一种化学防御机制,阻止或伤害草食动物的假设.
- 这项研究突出了Cannabis sativa中大麻素生产的以前被低估的适应性功能.
相关概念视频
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
23.7K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
23.7K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
285
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
285
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
13.0K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.0K
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids
203
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
203
Introduction to Plant Diversity
44.8K
From Water to Land
44.8K
C4 Pathway and CAM
45.6K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
45.6K


