免疫受损宿主的社区获得性肺炎:流行病学和结果
Julio A Ramirez1,2, Thomas R Chandler1, Stephen P Furmanek1
1Norton Infectious Diseases Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 不成比例地影响免疫受损宿主 (ICHs),与非ICH相比,他们面临的死亡风险是两倍的. 这项研究突出了各个ICH中CAP风险和结果的差异.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 的流行病学和免疫受损宿主 (ICHs) 的结果需要进一步定义.
- 了解这些因素对于有针对性的干预和改善患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 定义ICH中CAP的流行病学和结果.
- 为了比较CAP发生率和死亡率在ICH与非ICH.
主要方法:
- 2014-2016年路易斯维尔住院成人CAP患者的前性队列研究.
- 基于CDC标准的ICH定义;与社会经济因素和种族相关的地理空间分析.
- 在多个时间点评估死亡率:住院,30天,6个月和1年.
主要成果:
- 在住院的CAP患者中,10% (761/7449) 是ICH患者.
- 晚期癌症 (53%),化疗 (23%) 和皮质类固醇 (20%) 是免疫性损害的常见原因.
- 在所有时间点上,ICH的死亡率都较高,一年的死亡率增加了两倍 (53%对27%).
- 地理空间分析揭示了低收入和黑人或非洲裔美国人社区的ICH集群.
结论:
- 大约每10名住院的CAP患者中,有1名患有免疫功能受损,通常是由于癌症晚期.
- 社会经济差异和种族可能会影响CAP风险和ICH的结果.
- 与非ICH相比,ICH体验的CAP死亡风险明显更高.
更多相关视频
09:17A Robust Pneumonia Model in Immunocompetent Rodents to Evaluate Antibacterial Efficacy against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii
Published on: January 2, 2017
12:21A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
Published on: September 28, 2022
相关概念视频
Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
Pneumonia IV: Management
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
