在Enterococcus spp.的溶性磁带中进行基因和域混合. 细菌菌体是一种细菌体
Jakub Viglasky1,2, Maria Piknova1, Peter Pristas1,3
1Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Srobarova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
3 Biotech
|November 29, 2023
概括
肠球菌菌体在基因组大小组内表现出保存的性磁带基因组成. 尽管在holins和endolysins中发生了基因杂乱,但在endolysins中发现了一种新的细胞壁结合域杂乱.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 感染Enterococcus物种的菌体对于理解细菌溶解至关重要.
- 含有holins和endolysins等基因的Lytic磁带对于菌体诱导的细胞溶解至关重要.
- 这些磁带中的基因混杂会影响菌体的有效性和宿主范围.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析Enterococcus细菌菌体的Lytic磁带内的基因混杂.
- 根据基因组和光学磁带特征对肠球菌进行分类.
- 识别菌素溶解基因中遗传变异的新型机制.
主要方法:
- 对Enterococcus faecalis和Enterococcus faecium菌的基因组分析.
- 在不同的菌体群体中对基因组合的比较分析.
- 在holins和endolysins中识别和表征保存和可变域.
主要成果:
- 肠球菌菌被根据基因组大小分为几组,每个基因组都具有保存的性磁带基因组成.
- 观察到具有可变细胞壁结合 (CWB) 和催化域的广泛的holins和endolysins.
- 恩多利辛通常具有氨基酶催化域和SH3_5 CWB域;一些霍林含有XhlA域.
- 一个新的CWB域混合实例被确定在肠球菌内分泌物中.
结论:
- 肠球菌菌体基因组被组织成大小定义的群体,具有保存的性磁带结构.
- 虽然holin和endolysin基因经历了混,但在endolysins中的CWB域显示了新的混模式.
- 这些发现增强了我们对菌体与宿主相互作用以及光学机制的演变的理解.
相关概念视频
00:43Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
62.2K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
62.2K
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
70.8K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
70.8K
00:57Viral Recombination
23.5K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.5K
02:53Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.0K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.0K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
17.0K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.0K