查肺功能测试在例行健康检查中的作用
Shankar Iyer1, S P Rai1, Sumeet Singhania1
1Respiratory Medicine, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, IND.
螺旋测量是一种肺功能测试,可以在例行检查期间在11.7%的成年人中检测出空气流阻塞. 对于35岁以上的人,有呼吸系统症状的人或家族喘病史的人,建议包括在健康检查中.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 诊断查 诊断查 诊断查
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺功能测试,包括螺旋计,是诊断喘和COPD等阻塞性气道疾病的标准.
- 它们在无症状个体的常规健康检查中的实用性仍在争论中.
- 螺旋计可能会在一些人中过度诊断气流阻塞,而在其他有症状的人中错过它.
研究的目的:
- 在例行健康检查期间,评估螺旋计作为健康个体空气流阻塞查工具的有效性.
- 在这个人群中确定气流阻塞和小气道阻塞的流行率.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性研究涉及538名18岁以上的成年人进行例行健康检查.
- 根据全球慢性阻塞性肺病倡议 (GOLD) 标准进行和解释螺旋计.
- 螺旋计数据与基于人口的研究进行比较,分析风险因素和吸烟史.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,11.7%的受试者 (63/538) 显示出气流阻塞,男性 (11.8%) 和女性 (11.5%) 的比例相似.
- 在13.5%的参与者中发现了小气道阻塞.
- 空气流阻塞的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,特别是在55岁以上的人群中,吸烟显示出显著的关联.
结论:
- 肺功能测试对于特定子组的常规检查有价值:35岁以上的个人 (有或没有吸烟史),所有年龄段的喘家族史,有呼吸道症状的人和55岁以上的吸烟者.
- 螺旋测量可以确定大量以前未被检测到的空气流阻塞的个体.
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