世卫组织空气质量数据库:相关性,历史和未来发展
Kerolyn Shairsingh1, Giulia Ruggeri1, Michal Krzyzanowski2
1Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211Geneva, Switzerland.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|November 29, 2023
概括
空气污染显著影响非传染性疾病. 世界卫生组织 世界卫生组织
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 空气污染是全球非传染性疾病的主要风险因素.
- 在许多低收入和中等收入国家,空气质量监测不足.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 在2022年更新了其空气质量数据库,反映了全球越来越多地关注空气污染作为卫生优先事项.
研究的目的:
- 描述全球空气质量数据收集的进展和挑战.
- 突出世卫组织空气质量数据库对公共卫生的重要性.
- 鼓励多部门参与改善空气质量监测.
主要方法:
- 利用官方数据来源对全球人类定居点的空气质量监测.
- 分析了世卫组织2022年更新的空气质量数据库状态报告中的数据.
- 由于不同的监控方法和政府机构,评估了数据可访问性和一致性问题.
主要成果:
- 世卫组织的数据库大幅扩大,现在包括6743个定居点,比2011年增加了6倍.
- 数据库中90%以上的定居点来自高收入和中等收入国家.
- 大多数国家都超过了世卫组织2021年空气质量指南.
结论:
- 尽管取得了进展,但全球空气质量数据收集仍然不均,低收入和中等收入国家存在显著差距.
- 世卫组织空气质量数据库对于提高认识和量化空气污染对健康的负担至关重要.
- 减少空气污染的政策行动对于减轻健康影响至关重要,即使它们不完全符合世卫组织的指导方针.
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