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模拟牲畜使用抗生素对人类沙门氏菌病的影响
Alex L K Morgan1,2, Mark E J Woolhouse2,3, Jaap A Wagenaar4,5,6
1Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|November 29, 2023
概括
减少牲畜中的抗生素使用可能会增加人类沙门氏菌病例. 然而,良好的农场卫生和生物安全可以减轻这些风险,确保更安全的食品供应.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在牲畜中使用抗生素与人类和动物的抗菌素耐药性有关.
- 牲畜抗生素管理计划旨在减少使用,但其对人类健康的影响尚不清楚.
- 减少抗生素的使用可能会增加病原体的携带 (例如,沙门氏菌) 在牲畜中,可能导致更多的人类食物传播疾病.
研究的目的:
- 模拟畜牧业减少抗生素使用对人类沙门氏菌的影响.
- 评估在猪和家禽中减少抗生素使用后,食物传播疾病的潜在增加.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个数学模型,并适应了四个案例研究.
- 该模型分析了肥猪和肉家禽的安皮西林和四环素使用情况.
- 该研究探讨了减少抗生素对人类沙门氏菌病发病率和耐药性的后果.
主要成果:
- 减少牲畜中的抗生素使用与人类沙门氏菌每日发病率的增加有关.
- 观察到,耐药沙门氏菌病例比例有所下降.
- 食物传播疾病的增加从可以忽略不计的到可以通过干预来控制的范围.
结论:
- 减少牲畜抗生素的使用可能会导致人类沙门氏菌病的增加,但这种影响通常是可以控制的.
- 实施强有力的农场到叉的卫生和牲畜生物安全措施可以有效地减轻人类健康的负面影响.
- 专注于这些干预措施是足以管理动物抗生素管理对人类健康的后果.
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