口语语言干预可以改善神经发育障碍儿童的语言结果:系统性审查和元分析
Enrica Donolato1, Enrico Toffalini2, Kristin Rogde3
1CREATE University of Oslo Oslo Norway.
Campbell systematic reviews
|November 29, 2023
概括
口语干预对神经发育障碍儿童产生了微小的积极影响. 更长时间的干预会产生更好的结果,但需要更强大的试验来证实研究结果并指导实践.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床研究 临床研究
背景情况:
- 语言障碍在年轻人中很普遍,影响发展和社会参与.
- 这些障碍可以是主要的 (例如,发育性语言障碍) 或是对其他条件 (例如,自闭症) 的次要.
- 对语言障碍的有效干预提供了显著的个人和社会效益.
研究的目的:
- 对患有神经发育障碍的儿童进行口语语言干预的元分析性审查.
- 检查各种干预类型的有效性及其对语言技能的影响.
主要方法:
- 在2022年4月之前对电子数据库进行系统搜索.
- 包括随机对照试验和准实验性研究,针对2至18岁儿童具有特定神经发育障碍的语言技能.
- 使用关联效应和层次效应模型进行分析,并评估出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了38项研究,显示测试后的平均效果大小为0.27,随访时为0.18.
- 针对表达性词汇,语法和话语的干预显示出比接受性词汇更大的效果.
- 更长的干预时间和会话时间与更大的益处有关;然而,研究质量和报告通常很差.
结论:
- 目前关于神经发育障碍的口语干预措施的证据是有希望的,但不确定的.
- 进一步高质量,充足的试验,预先注册和长期跟踪是必不可少的.
- 需要在不同诊断组进行复制研究,以建立基于证据的实践.
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