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在干旱年期间,爱荷华州玉米中阿弗拉托克辛的流行和风险评估

Emily H Branstad-Spates¹, Erin L Bowers¹, Charles R Hurburgh¹

¹Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.

International journal of food science

|November 29, 2023

概括

在2012年,爱荷华州的玉米经历了亚法毒素 (AFL) 污染,在西南和中南部地区发现了更高的水平. 这凸显了需要采取主动策略来管理玉米作物的AFL风险.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
菌类学菌类学是指菌类学.
食品安全食品安全

背景情况:

极端天气事件,包括美国玉米带的干旱和高温,可以增加作物中真菌毒素污染的风险.
非洲毒素 (AFL) 是由某些模具产生的有毒物质,可以污染玉米等农产品,对人类和动物健康构成风险.

研究的目的:

为了确定2012年爱荷华州玉米作物中阿弗拉托克辛污染的流行程度和严重程度.
为了确定爱荷华州作物报告区的亚法毒素发病率的区域差异.

主要方法:

爱荷华州农业和土地管理部 (IDALS) 从爱荷华州所有99个县的粮食电梯收集了396个玉米样本.
使用快速测试方法分析样本,以量化每十亿分之几 (ppb) 的 aflatoxin水平.

主要成果:

爱荷华州玉米中亚黄毒素污染的全州平均值为5.57ppb.
在西南部 (平均15.13ppb) 和中南部 (平均10.86ppb) 的作物报告区 (p < 0.05) 中,亚拉托克素水平显著更高.
在爱荷华州的不同地区和不同地区观察到亚弗拉托克辛水平的高变化.

结论:

2012年的极端天气事件导致爱荷华州玉米中出现了显著的亚法毒素污染,区域差异显著.
在高风险年份,积极主动和预防性策略至关重要,以减轻国内和出口市场的偏毒素危险.

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