使用基于DEM的微量化GIS模型量化陆地泄漏污水的土地和人口风险
Emma L McDaniel1,2, Samuel F Atkinson3,4, Chetan Tiwari1,2,5
1Center for Disaster Informatics and Computational Epidemiology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
PeerJ
|November 29, 2023
概括
污水泄漏造成健康和环境风险. 一个新的GIS模型,泄漏足迹暴露风险 (SFER),预测泄漏路径和聚合区域,以评估土地和人口健康风险,帮助干预策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 是指地理信息系统.
背景情况:
- 未经处理的污水泄漏将病原体,微污染物和营养物质引入环境.
- 这些泄露可能会导致胃肠道问题,并通过藻类繁殖和氧气耗尽损害水生生态系统.
- 易受伤害的群体,如年轻人,老年人和免疫受损者,风险更高.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个地理信息系统 (GIS) 模型,预测污水泄漏所带来的环境和健康风险.
- 创建土地影响和人口暴露的空间显式风险指标.
- 在溢出影响地区确定有针对性的干预领域.
主要方法:
- 开发了泄漏足迹暴露风险 (SFER) 模型,使用细度的海拔数据和流道跟踪.
- 综合SFER与土地和人口健康的二次风险措施.
- 基于受影响的水下流域面积比例计算的土地风险.
- 使用精细规模人口数据 (美国LandScan) 评估人口健康风险.
主要成果:
- SFER模型有效地估计了陆上污水泄漏路径和聚合位置.
- 开发和演示了土地和人口健康的风险措施.
- 在亚特兰大大都会地区的应用说明了潜在的干预策略.
结论:
- SFER模型为评估污水泄漏造成的空间暴露风险提供了一个有价值的工具.
- 综合风险措施增强了环境保护和公共卫生方面的决策.
- 该方法促进了针对性的干预措施,以减轻污水泄漏的影响.
相关概念视频
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01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
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01:21Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
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01:25Selected Data About Geographic Locations
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01:21Manipulation and Analysis
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01:29Levels of Use of a GIS
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
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