植物记忆:一个文艺复兴时期的草本馆揭示了五个世纪的植物变化 (Ulisse Aldrovandi,1551-1586)
Fabrizio Buldrini1,2, Alessandro Alessandrini3, Umberto Mossetti2
1BIOME Lab - Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Royal Society open science
|November 29, 2023
概括
乌利塞·阿尔德罗万迪 (Ulisse Aldrovandi) 的草药馆揭示了博洛尼亚五个世纪的植物变化,显示了人类干扰和气候变化对本地和外来物种的影响. 这些历史数据凸显了草原在理解生物多样性轨迹方面的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 植物学 植物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境历史 环境历史
背景情况:
- 历史植物学数据为长期生态变化提供了关键的见解.
- 草本馆的收藏作为宝贵的档案,可以随着时间的推移跟踪生物多样性.
- 了解过去的植物组成对于预测未来的环境轨迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用历史草本馆数据,分析波隆纳地区五个世纪以来的植物变化.
- 将历史植物群与当代记录进行比较,以确定物种分布,生命形式和息地亲和关系的变化.
- 调查人类干扰和气候变化对植物群落的影响,以及外来物种日益普及的情况.
主要方法:
- 分析了乌利塞·阿尔德罗万迪 (Ulisse Aldrovandi) 的草本馆 (1551-1586) 的空间显式植物学数据.
- 数据与"博洛尼亚省的植物" (1883年) 和埃米利亚-罗马尼亚的花科数据库 (1965-2021) 相比较.
- 探索了本地范围的变化,生命形式 (水合菌,菌,热菌),息地亲和力,以及本地与外来物种的组成.
主要成果:
- 本地物种组成,特别是水合植物,植物和热植物,表明人类严重干扰和息地丧失.
- 高山物种趋势表明气候变化的影响,Cocconi的植物中更高的代表性可能与小冰河时代有关.
- 外来物种从文艺复兴时期开始显著增加,这意味着植物变化的早期阶段.
结论:
- 乌利塞·阿尔德罗万迪 (Ulisse Aldrovandi) 的草药馆记录了欧洲植物和息地彻底转变的最初迹象.
- 历史植物记录对于理解生态变化和预测未来生物多样性至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了通过忽视草本和标本收集来失去植物记忆的风险,这阻碍了生物多样性研究.
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