活体GITR激活ex vivo会损害HIV感染者接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的CD8T细胞功能
Céline Gubser1, Rachel D Pascoe2, Judy Chang1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
iScience
|November 29, 2023
概括
葡萄糖皮质醇诱导的瘤亡因子相关蛋白 (GITR) 激活会损害抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 治疗艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的艾滋病毒免疫反应. 由于这些发现,GITR激活剂不建议用于艾滋病毒治愈策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 葡萄糖皮质体诱导瘤亡因子相关蛋白 (GITR) 是一种共刺激性免疫检查点分子.
- GITR在调节性T细胞 (Tregs) 和激活的常规T细胞 (Tconv) 上表达.
- 了解GITR在艾滋病毒感染中的作用对于开发有效的基于免疫的疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 接受抑制性抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的GITR的表达和功能.
- 确定GITR激活对HIV特异性T细胞反应的影响.
- 评估GITR作为治愈艾滋病毒治疗点的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在ART上的PWH中对CD4+和CD8+T细胞子集的GITR表达的分析.
- 评估与HIV和GITR-ligand (GITR-L) 的刺激后的HIV特异性CD8+T细胞功能.
- 对T细胞受体与GITR-L对Treg抑制和CD4+Tconv扩张的共同刺激的评估.
主要成果:
- 在激活的CD4+和CD8+T细胞子集中减少GITR表达,但在ART上从PWH中增加Tregs的表达.
- 与总CD8+T细胞相比,HIV特定的CD8+T细胞显示出更高的GITR和PD-1水平.
- GITR-L刺激降低了HIV特定的CD8+T细胞杀死,增加了T细胞耗尽,取消了Treg抑制,并诱导了CD4+Tconv扩张.
结论:
- 激活GITR有助于在ART上的PWH中导致HIV免疫反应受损.
- 对于艾滋病毒治愈策略,不应寻求GITR激动剂.
- 针对GITR可能会在HIV的背景下对免疫系统产生复杂的影响.
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