在一个不断变化的世界里,一个外来寄生虫 - - Ashworthius sidemi 已经失去了传统的季节性动态
Jan Magdálek1, Lucie Škorpíková2, Christopher McFarland3
1Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia.
Frontiers in veterinary science
|November 29, 2023
概括
这项研究追踪了非本土线虫Ashworthius sidemi在地鹿中,发现其存在受到温度和药物治疗的影响. 虫的疗效是短暂的,寄生虫的蛋污染了全年的牧场.
科学领域:
- 兽医寄生虫学 兽医寄生虫学
- 野生动物健康 野生动物健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 非本土线虫Ashworthius sidemi越来越多地在中欧和东欧的被囚禁的地鹿中发现.
- 有限的数据存在于A. sidemi季节性和甲虫敏感性,阻碍有效管理.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究季节性动态和环境影响Ashworthius sidemi在休鹿中的影响.
- 评估对抗A. sidemi. 甲虫治疗的疗效和持续时间.
主要方法:
- 在两年 (2018-2020年) 期间,每月从地鹿收集便样本.
- 使用共培养和实时多重PCR检测和量化A. sidemi DNA.
- 记录了环境因素 (温度) 和杀虫剂 (ivermectin,rafoxanide/mebendazole) 的使用情况.
主要成果:
- 在68%的样本中检测到Ashworthius sidemi DNA,其患病率受到药物管理以来的时间和平均温度的影响.
- 虫治疗显示出短暂的疗效,寄生虫的卵子在1-3个月内恢复发育.
- 寄生虫DNA的丰富度与平均温度呈正相关性,并且卵子的脱落发生全年,这表明寄生虫的适应性.
结论:
- Ashworthius sidemi已经适应了中欧的气候条件,表现出极少的季节性脱落模式.
- 目前的抗虫治疗只能提供暂时的控制,需要进一步研究可持续的寄生虫管理策略.
- 了解寄生虫的动态对于减轻它对野生动物和被囚禁鹿种群的影响至关重要.
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