概括
美国和欧洲的智能运输系统 (ITS) 标准化政策表明,政府的优先事项和角色显著影响了标准化时间表和协作. 早期的政府参与和基础设施重点促进了自上而下的合作,以成功采用技术.
科学领域:
- 政策分析 政策分析
- 技术标准化的技术标准化.
- 智能运输系统 (ITS) 是一种智能运输系统.
背景情况:
- 标准化对于将技术从研发转向应用至关重要.
- 国际标准越来越多地被主动 ("标准前") 而不是反应性 ("标准后") 开发.
- 政策在塑造技术标准化过程中起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 分析智能运输系统 (ITS) 标准化政策在美国和欧洲在1991-2012年的影响.
- 为了比较政策背景,并提取影响技术标准化的关键维度.
- 了解政策优先事项,政府角色,干预时间和合作之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 在美国和欧洲 (1991-2012) 的ITS标准化政策的年代排序.
- 对政策文件背景进行比较分析.
- 提取和讨论四个关键方面:政策重点,政府作用,政策干预时间和合作.
主要成果:
- 政策重点和政府角色相互关联,影响干预时间和合作.
- 以基础设施为重点的优先事项和政府的领导作用促进了早期的,自上而下的标准化和合作.
- 优先考虑技术竞争力,并支持政府的作用,产生了不同的结果.
- 政策干预时间和合作直接影响研发,标准化和整合.
结论:
- 支持共同技术发展和利益相关者参与的政策对于有效的标准化至关重要.
- 积极的政府参与,特别是在早期,可以促进成功的技术转让.
- 促进国际采用国内标准对于更广泛的影响至关重要.
- 该研究为未来的标准化工作提供了见解,特别是新兴技术.
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