电动汽车在连续信号路灯上的分层节能速度规划和控制方法
Jing Jiao1, Liguo Zang1,2, Yulin Mao1
1School of Automobile and Rail Transportation, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China.
Heliyon
|November 29, 2023
概括
紧急启停事件显著增加电动汽车 (EV) 的能源消耗,并降低驾驶舒适度. 这项研究引入了一种新的分层方法,以优化电动汽车的速度规划和控制,减少停车和平滑加速,以提高能源效率和乘客舒适度.
科学领域:
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 控制系统 控制系统
- 可持续的运输可持续的运输
背景情况:
- 在电动汽车 (EV) 中,频繁的停止和启动会导致能源消耗增加和驾驶舒适度下降.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了电动汽车速度控制策略中能源效率和驾驶舒适度的综合影响.
- 在信号交叉点优化电动汽车性能对于提高用户体验和运营效率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估电动汽车的分层节能速度规划和控制方法.
- 通过同时考虑能源消耗和驾驶舒适度来解决当前研究的局限性.
- 改善城市驾驶条件下电动汽车的整体效率和乘客体验.
主要方法:
- 实施了双层方法:一个上层用于节能速度规划,一个下层用于基于模型预测控制器 (MPC) 的速度控制.
- 速度规划层最大限度地减少了在连续信号灯上的停止,并减少了速度变化,采用正弦速度曲线以实现更顺的加速.
- 基于MPC的速度控制层利用电动汽车的纵向动态模型来确保准确跟踪计划的节能速度.
主要成果:
- 提出的方法实现了显著的节能,消耗范围从244.76到604.29千兆日耳/公里,超过现有方法高达23.18%.
- 驾驶舒适度保持不变,加速值的根平均平方 (RMS) 值低于0.315 m/s2 (范围从0.10到0.25 m/s2).
- 模拟结果证明了该方法在各种工作条件中的有效性.
结论:
- 开发的分层方法有效地降低了电动汽车的能耗,并提高了驾驶舒适度.
- 这种方法为改善电动汽车续航里程和乘客体验提供了有价值的策略,特别是在频繁停车的城市环境中.
- 基于MPC的控制器具有适应性,并有可能在电动汽车研发中得到更广泛的应用.
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