心理因素与高级职能能力的关联:来自爱知工人队列研究的研究结果,2002-2019年
K M Saif-Ur-Rahman1,2,3, Young Jae Hong1, Yuanying Li1
1Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Heliyon
|November 29, 2023
概括
缺乏目标感 (ikigai) 或社会支持的中年个人在老年时面临更高的功能衰退风险. 相反,中年管理压力与晚年更好的认知功能有关.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 保持高级水平的功能能力对于老年人独立生活至关重要,尤其是在日本这样的老龄化社会.
- 超年龄社会面临的挑战是,越来越多的老年人独自生活或生活在年龄隔离的家庭中.
- 中年期的心理因素可能会对晚年生活中的功能能力产生纵向影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查中年人感知到的压力,ikigai和社会支持之间的纵向关联.
- 检查这些心理因素对老年人高级水平功能能力的影响.
- 确定潜在的保护因素,以保持退休人员的功能独立性.
主要方法:
- 一项使用1692名退休人员数据的纵向队列研究 (艾工人队列研究).
- 在中年 (2002年) 评估的基线心理因素;在老年 (2019年) 测量的功能能力.
- 日本科学技术局能力指数 (JST-IC) 用于评估功能能力;计算多变量调整的赔率比率.
主要成果:
- 在中年,关于ikigai的不确定性 (OR:2.02) 和缺乏社会支持 (OR:2.19) 与低JST-IC退休后有显著的关联.
- 中年期高感知压力与低JST-IC (OR:0.69) 相反相关,这表明有保护作用.
- 在分析中,对2019年的抑郁情绪进行了调整.
结论:
- 中年ikigai,社会支持和压力水平是老年人高级水平功能能力的重要预测因素.
- 旨在改善ikigai和社会联系的干预措施可能会在以后的生活中提高功能能力.
- 进一步的研究是有必要的,以探索有效的策略,以加强ikigai和社会支持系统的中年和老年人.
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