饮食模式和与非传染性疾病代谢风险因素的关联
Tilahun Tewabe Alamnia1,2, Ginny M Sargent3, Matthew Kelly3
1National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, 62 Mills RD, Acton ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia. Tilahun.Alamnia@anu.edu.au.
不健康的饮食有助于非传染性疾病. 在埃塞俄比亚西北部,西方化的饮食模式与较低的高血压患病率有关,这表明需要本地化的饮食干预措施.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 不健康的饮食习惯是非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的关键驱动因素,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 关于撒哈拉以南非洲的特定饮食模式和健康结果的证据有限.
- 非传染性疾病在该地区造成越来越大的健康负担.
研究的目的:
- 确定埃塞俄比亚西北部成年人的主要饮食模式.
- 评估这些饮食模式与代谢风险因素之间的关联,包括高血压,超重/肥胖和腹部肥胖.
主要方法:
- 在埃塞俄比亚西北部的巴希尔达尔进行了一项基于社区的横截面调查.
- 通过使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来评估饮食摄入量.
- 主要成分分析确定了饮食模式;后勤回归分析了与代谢风险因素的关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个不同的饮食模式:"西方化" (肉类,乳制品,快餐,水果) 和"传统" (谷物,蔬菜,豆类).
- 对"西方化"饮食模式的更高坚持与较低的高血压患病率 (AOR=0.28-0.35) 有显著的关联.
- 年龄,婚姻状况和收入等社会人口统计因素与特定的饮食模式有关.
结论:
- 在埃塞俄比亚西北部的成年人中存在两种主要的饮食模式",西方化"和"传统".
- "西方化"的饮食模式显示出对高血压的保护性关联.
- 这些发现支持制定有针对性的本地饮食建议,以减轻代谢风险.
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