杀虫剂使用对欧洲景观产生负面影响
Charlie C Nicholson1, Jessica Knapp2,3, Tomasz Kiljanek4
1Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. charlie.nicholson@biol.lu.se.
Nature
|November 29, 2023
概括
农业景观中的农药暴露会对蜂群的表现产生负面影响,尤其是在简化农业区. 目前的法规不足以保护野生蜜蜂免受这些有害的农药影响.
科学领域:
- 生态学
- 环境科学
- 农业科学
背景情况:
- 可持续农业需要平衡作物生产与保护非目标生物,如蜜蜂.
- 新类杀虫剂的使用与野生蜂群的负面影响有关.
- 现场证据表明,除了新毒类药物外,农药暴露对野生蜜蜂的影响有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查农药暴露对野生蜂群表现的影响.
- 评估花粉中的农药组合是否会影响蜂群的健康.
- 评估当前监管系统在保护授粉者免受农业农药影响方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在欧洲八个国家的106个农业场所收集的蜂蜜花粉中的农药分析.
- 对316个Bombus terrestris殖民地进行监测,以评估殖民地表现.
- 在花粉中存在农药,景观简化和殖民地发展之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 在熊蜂收集的花粉中发现的杀虫剂与作物开花期间殖民地表现的降低有关.
- 这种负面关联在简化农业景观中更为明显,
- 结果表明,监管系统可能无法充分防止与农药相关的危害.
结论:
- 环境中的农药暴露对野生蜜蜂群的健康构成重大风险,即使在社会物种中也是如此.
- 目前的农业杀虫剂法规可能不足以保护非目标生物.
- 批准后对农药暴露和影响的监测对于环境保护至关重要.
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