认知和适应能力与自闭症儿童和青少年内化和外化问题的关联
Javiera Donoso1, Fiona Rattray2, Annelies de Bildt3,4
1Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
概括
知识障碍 (ID) 和自闭症增加了心理健康风险. 提高社会技能有利于自闭症儿童.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与智力障碍 (ID) 相伴.
- 这种并发症与心理健康和行为问题的风险增加有关.
- 之前的研究通常对ID进行了明确的治疗,限制了细微的理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究认知和适应能力与自闭症儿童和青少年内化/外化问题的关系.
- 通过广泛的认知能力来检查这些关联.
- 在理解自闭症的心理健康挑战方面,超越对ID的分类观点.
主要方法:
- 利用来自西蒙斯简单集合 (SSC) 的2759名自闭症儿童和青少年 (4-18岁) 的数据.
- 大约25% (709) 的样本具有同时出现的ID.
- 采用多重回归模型来分析认知/适应能力 (沟通,日常生活,社交) 与内化/外化问题之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 认知能力与没有ID的自闭症儿童的内化问题有关,但不是外化问题.
- 所有适应性技能领域 (沟通,日常生活,社交) 都与没有ID的自闭症儿童的内化和外化问题相反相关.
- 在ID的自闭症儿童中,日常生活和社交技能与外部化问题相反相关,社交技能与内部化问题相反.
- 社会化技能与所有认知功能层面的内部化和外部化问题有着一致的关联.
结论:
- 社会化技能是影响自闭症儿童内化和外化问题的关键因素,无论ID状态如何.
- 自闭症儿童的较高认知能力可能会使他们易受内化问题的伤害,这表明需要有针对性的监测.
- 支持社会技能发展的干预措施可能会大大有利于自闭症儿童的心理健康.
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