数据缺口:空气质量网络错过了来自集中养动物的空气污染
Alyssa M Burns1, Gabriel Chandler2, Kira J Dunham3
1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|November 30, 2023
概括
由于畜牧业的增加,农业氨排放量正在增加,影响空气质量. 这一趋势表明,农村地区的空气质量改善落后于国家平均水平.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 农业部门是美国空气污染物的主要来源,特别是氨 (NH3).
- 畜牧业废物是导致氨排放的主要原因.
- 卫星数据显示氨水平上升,与大多数受控空气污染物不同.
研究的目的:
- 调查越来越多的封闭式动物养操作 (CAFO) 与氨度上升之间的联系.
- 分析美国氨和动物密度的空间和时间趋势.
- 评估农业地区的空气质量与城市中心相比.
主要方法:
- 利用美国农业部关于中型和大型CAFO动物数量的数据.
- 分析了来自ESA的IASI和NASA的AIRS的卫星衍生的氨数据.
- 与CAFO动物单位密度相关的夏季氨混合比率.
- 从2002年到2017年,研究了动物密度和氨的时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 在2017年夏季氨和CAFO动物单位密度之间发现了显著的正相关性 (r = 0.642,p ≈ 0).
- 从2002年到2017年,动物密度和氨的时间变化显示出类似的空间模式.
- 高氨和动物密度的农业地区的空气质量与城市地区相比,改善速度较慢.
结论:
- 增加的CAFO和相关的牲畜废物正在推动美国氨水平的上升.
- 卫星观测证实了农业做法对大气氨的影响.
- 农业地区的空气质量管理需要解决氨排放问题,以改善PM2.5水平.
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