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在体育和运动科学研究中,对 cisgender 女性代表性不足,小样本规模和错误性别的影响
James W Navalta1, Dustin W Davis1, Whitley J Stone2
1Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America.
PloS one
|November 30, 2023
概括
在体育科学中对 cisgender 男人的研究导致了性别数据差距. 较小的样本规模和错误的性别参与者显著影响统计决策和数据解释,需要包容性招聘实践.
科学领域:
- 体育和运动科学 运动科学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 在科学研究中存在一个显著的性别数据差距,源于男性参与者在测试中的历史过度代表.
- 这种差距限制了研究结果的概括性和对代表性不足的群体的生理反应的理解,包括 cisgender 女性和跨性别个人.
- 典型的招聘和参与者表征对统计决策的影响在很大程度上仍未得到量化.
研究的目的:
- 评估研究数据集中女性性别不足的统计后果.
- 评估体育和运动科学中常见的小样本大小对研究结果的影响.
- 为了确定性别错误对数据解释和统计有效性的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自国家健康和营养检查调查 (2003-2004) 的数据分析,N=3,645 (1,763名女性).
- 模拟的招聘差异 (33.5%的女性,66.5%的男性) 和常见的小样本大小 (平均N=187,中位数N=20).
- 在2%和5%的比例下,使用适应性测试的千平方良性 (p < .05) 来统计性评估性别错误的影响.
主要成果:
- 数据集中的整体性别差异没有改变统计决策 (χ2 = .52,p = .47).
- 然而,当考虑平均样本大小 (χ2 = 4.89,p = .027) 和中位样本大小 (χ2 = 13.52,p < .001) 时,观察到显著的差异.
- 在2% (χ2 = 13.52,p < .001) 和5% (χ2 = 13.52,p < .001) 的比例上,性别错误的参与者对决策产生了重大影响.
结论:
- 体育和运动科学的招聘实践需要重新评估,因为优先考虑cisgender男性参与者的后果,特别是小样本大小.
- 错误的性别定义在数据解释中引入了显著的偏见,无论样本大小如何.
- 促进包容性研究方法是至关重要的,以确保所有人感到被重视和尊重,从而导致更准确和公平的科学理解.
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