埃塞俄比亚固体燃料使用的空间变化和决定因素;使用2019年埃塞俄比亚小型人口和健康调查数据集进行混合效应和空间分析
Jember Azanaw1, Gashaw Sisay Chanie2
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PloS one
|November 30, 2023
概括
固体燃料的使用在埃塞俄比亚非常普遍,影响了87.13%的家庭,特别是在农村地区. 教育和财富等因素显著影响了这一趋势,突出了清洁能源政策的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 固体燃料燃烧造成的室内空气污染每年造成数百万人的死亡,不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家.
- 2020年,全球超过30亿人依赖固体燃料做饭和供暖,导致了重大的公共卫生问题.
- 埃塞俄比亚面临着固体燃料普及的挑战,影响健康并导致不平等.
研究的目的:
- 调查埃塞俄比亚固体燃料使用的普遍性.
- 确定与固体燃料消耗相关的个人和社区级预测因素.
- 分析埃塞俄比亚不同地区固体燃料使用的空间变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了2019年第五次埃塞俄比亚人口和健康调查的数据,涉及8,663个家庭.
- 采用统计分析,考虑个人因素 (如性别,财富,教育) 和社区因素 (如教育,居住地,地区).
- 应用空间分析技术,包括SaTScan,以确定固体燃料使用的地理模式.
主要成果:
- 报告显示,87.13%的埃塞俄比亚家庭使用固体燃料,农村 (68.53%) 的使用率高于城市 (18.60%) 的使用率.
- 教育状况,财富指数和电力供应等个人因素以及教育水平和地区等社区因素与固体燃料使用有显著的关联.
- 在埃塞俄比亚发现了固体燃料使用的显著空间差异,有不同的集群和热点.
结论:
- 固体燃料的使用在埃塞俄比亚仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,具有实质性的个人和社区层面的决定因素.
- 解决高患病率需要有针对性的干预措施,重点是改善教育,财富和获得清洁能源.
- 为了到2030年实现可持续发展目标7.1.2,确保获得清洁燃料和技术,减少健康不平等,政策修改至关重要.
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