抵消低亲和碳水化合物与共价性结合,以激活糖特异性蛋白质用于瘤免疫近距离诱导
Benjamin P M Lake1, Anthony F Rullo1
1Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center, Center for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, Canada.
ACS central science
|November 30, 2023
概括
小分子现在可以参与癌症免疫治疗的低亲和碳水化合物结合受体. 协同参与,而不仅仅是结合,是瘤免疫接近和瘤杀伤功能的关键,克服了较大的治疗方法的局限性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 化学生物学 化学生物学
- 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法
背景情况:
- 碳水化合物结合受体对于先天免疫,炎症和适应性免疫反应至关重要.
- 现有的癌症免疫疗法利用多价值支架来吸引这些受体,但面临复杂性和非目标效应等挑战.
- 低亲和度的碳水化合物-蛋白质相互作用 (Kd ≈10-3-10-6 M) 限制了治疗应用.
研究的目的:
- 开发用于癌症免疫治疗的小型双功能分子,这些分子会接触低亲和度碳水化合物结合受体.
- 为了研究共价参与是否可以克服碳水化合物-蛋白质相互作用中弱结合的局限性.
- 为了测试一个假设,一个大的失活率 (kinact) 可以补偿一个不太有利的结合亲和力 (KI).
主要方法:
- 设计和合成了具有单价抗体结合域 (ABD) 和瘤结合域 (TBD) 的小型双功能化学分子.
- 嵌入优化电友 (SuFEx或激活) 用于共价蛋白参与.
- 利用一种具有麻糖特异性抗体的模型系统来诱导瘤免疫近距离并评估瘤杀伤功能.
主要成果:
- 合成的化学分子通过单一的低亲和力拉姆诺斯单糖 ABD.通过自然的反拉姆诺斯抗体快速协同参与.
- 具有共价结合的分子表现出显著的瘤杀伤功能.
- 缺乏电友的化学分子,仅依赖于非共价结合,完全缺乏瘤杀伤活性.
结论:
- 协同效应是一种关键的策略,用于在癌症免疫疗法中吸引低 afinity 的碳水化合物特异性蛋白质.
- 小的双功能分子可以有效地诱导瘤免疫近距离和瘤杀伤功能,通过合弱结合与共价结合.
- 这种方法克服了与更大,多价值支架相关的局限性,并为新型癌症疗法提供了有前途的途径.
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