在患有人类免疫缺陷病毒的人群中,B型肝炎免疫接种系列完成的延迟
Daanish Sheikh1, Kristen A Staggers2, Jennifer Carey3
1Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|November 30, 2023
概括
对于患有人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的人来说,B型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 疫苗接种完成率仍然很低. 需要制定策略来改善HBV疫苗接种率,特别是对于那些CD4数量较低或使用物质障碍的人来说.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 疫苗接种系列的完成率在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的人群中显著较低.
- 这项研究解决了了解这一弱势群体疫苗接种模式的关键需求.
研究的目的:
- 评估B型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 疫苗系列在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的人群中的时间和完成率.
- 为了确定与延迟或不完整的HBV疫苗接种相关的患者特征.
主要方法:
- 在德克萨斯州休斯顿 (2010-2018) 接受艾滋病毒治疗的5357名患者的回顾性记录审查.
- 卡普兰-梅尔曲线和普伦蒂斯·威廉姆斯和彼得森总时间模型被用来分析疫苗接种和相关因素的时间.
- 计算了在12个月和24个月接受1,2个或3个HBV疫苗剂量的患者的比例.
主要成果:
- 在2718名符合条件的患者中,只有28.4%的患者在2年内完成了3剂HBV疫苗系列.
- 患有CD4计数≥200/μL的患者,跨性别人士和西班牙裔患者更早地接种了疫苗剂量.
- 活性物质使用史与接种疫苗的时间显著增加有关.
结论:
- 低于最佳的HBV疫苗完成率需要针对HIV感染者制定有针对性的策略.
- 干预措施应优先考虑在CD4计数<200/μL和有物质使用障碍的患者中改善疫苗接种率.
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