一个元分析的认知框架的推动和污泥
Yu Luo1, Andrew Li1, Dilip Soman2
1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Royal Society open science
|November 30, 2023
概括
分析了旨在影响行为而不用胁迫的nudge和sludge干预措施. 改变努力的干预措施比针对内在动机的干预措施更有效,nudge和sludge的效果大小相似.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 进行元分析分析.
背景情况:
- 机构越来越多地使用nudges (减少摩擦) 和sludges (增加摩擦) 来微妙地影响行为.
- 推动和污泥干预的潜在认知机制尚未得到充分理解.
- 现有的研究缺乏一个系统的框架来组织这些干预措施的认知目标.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的认知框架,根据六个关键认知过程组织干预.
- 进行实地实验的元分析,以量化针对这些认知过程的干预措施的效果大小.
- 检查针对不同认知机制的干预措施的比较有效性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个认知框架,根据注意力,感知,记忆,努力,内在动机和外在动机对干预进行分类.
- 从2008年到2021年对184个实地实验 (随机对照试验) 进行了元分析,其中使用了真实行为指标 (N=2,245,373名参与者).
- 分析了针对特定认知过程的干预措施的效果大小,并比较了nudge与sludge干预措施.
主要成果:
- 与改变内在动机的干预措施相比,修改努力的干预措施表现出明显更大的效果大小.
- 泥和泥干预显示了可比的整体效果大小.
- 潜在的出版偏见需要谨慎地解释研究结果.
结论:
- 拟议的元分析框架为理解和设计行为干预提供了认知原则.
- 基于努力的干预似乎比依赖内在动机的干预更有效.
- 这些发现为开发更有效,认知知情的行为干预提供了洞察力.
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