疏水性多孔液体具有可控制的腔体大小和物理化学性质
Lorianne Ginot1, Amal El Bakkouche1, Fabrice Giusti1
1ICSM, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Univ Montpellier, Marcoule, 30207, France.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 30, 2023
概括
研究人员开发了新的疏水性多孔液体 (PLs),使用改性颗粒作为金属提取的更绿色替代品. 调整粒子属性使液体形成和相分离成为可能,这对于水力金工艺至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 绿色化学 绿色化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 传统的水电金工艺往往依赖于危险的有机溶剂进行液液提取 (LLE).
- 在金属回收和净化中,对这些溶剂的环保替代品的需求越来越大.
- 多孔液体 (PLs) 提供了一个潜在的解决方案,通过用新材料取代LLE中的有机相.
研究的目的:
- 合成基于改性颗粒的疏水性多孔液体 (PLs).
- 通过改变它们的化学结构来研究PL的特性,如疏水性和流动性.
- 评估这些PLs在金属开采应用中的潜力,特别是对于稀土元素.
主要方法:
- 用多氧化脂肪胺 (EthAs) 修改硫化空心颗粒 (HSPs),以产生疏水性PLs.
- 调整PL特性,通过改变EthAs的分子量和HSPs的大小/密度来调整PL特性.
- 评估合成PLs的液态特性 (流动性,粘度) 和相分离行为.
- 使用稀土元素进行初步的液体液体提取试验.
主要成果:
- 通过通过EthAs修改HSPs,成功合成了疏水性PLs.
- 通过调整EthAs的乙烯氧化物链长度来调整PLs的液态特性,以中等范围的分子量在室温下产生液体.
- PL粘度受球大小和密度的影响.
- 有效的相位分离是通过最水的PLs实现的.
- 只有在PLs功能化后才观察到金属提取,这表明需要特定的化剂.
结论:
- 改造的基于二氧化的多孔液体代表了一种有前途的,更绿色的替代方案,用于水合金学的传统有机溶剂.
- 这些PL的特性可以通过化学修饰来精确控制,从而实现定制的应用.
- 对于高效的金属提取,PLs的进一步功能化是必不可少的,为选择性分离有价值元素铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
01:07Cohesion
Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
On a surface,...
02:57Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity
Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
01:20Characteristics of Fluids
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
01:23Pore Size Distribution
In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
Adequate...
Adequate...
01:31Characteristics of Fluids
Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
01:14Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...