更好的护士实践者初级保健实践环境减少双重注册患者之间的住院差异
Jacqueline Nikpour1, Heather Brom1, Aleigha Mason1
1Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA.
Medical care
|November 30, 2023
概括
改善执业护士 (NP) 实践环境可以减少患有慢性疾病的双重入院患者的住院时间. 支持性环境显著降低了这些脆弱人群住院的风险.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的差异
- 主要的护理是初级护理.
- 执业护士的实践环境 护士的实践环境
背景情况:
- 超过1200万美国人双重注册医疗保险和医疗补助.
- 双重注册的患者面临更高的住院率,因为慢性疾病,如冠状动脉疾病和糖尿病.
- 执业护士 (NP) 对于管理这些患者至关重要,但经常面临不支持的实践环境.
研究的目的:
- 调查NP初级保健实践环境和住院差异之间的关联.
- 为了在不同的实践环境中比较慢性病患者的双重注册和仅医疗保险患者之间的住院率.
主要方法:
- 利用了从护士执业人员初级保健组织气候问卷和医疗保险索赔中获得的二次横截面数据.
- 在4个州的450个NP-staffed实践中检查了135,648名冠状动脉疾病和/或糖尿病患者.
- 在贫困,混合和良好实践环境中,对双重注册患者的住院率进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在糟糕的实践环境中,双重注册的患者住院的几率增加了48% (OR: 1.48).
- 在混合环境中,双重注册的患者住院几率高出27% (OR:1.27).
- 在良好实践环境中,住院差异并不显著 (OR:1.02).
结论:
- 临床实践环境是影响住院差异的可改变因素.
- 改善NP实践环境是减少双重入院患者住院的关键机会.
- 政策干预应侧重于加强NP实践环境,以减轻医疗保健差异.
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