软体动物基因组揭示了光色素进化的广泛差异
Kyle E McElroy1, Jorge A Audino1,2, Jeanne M Serb1
1Ecology, Evolutionary, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Molecular biology and evolution
|December 1, 2023
概括
哺乳动物的光基因家族表现出动态进化,有扩张和收缩,即使在没有眼睛的物种中也是如此. 加密染色体的多样性较小,两种蛋白质家族都在一些深海软体动物中消失.
科学领域:
- * 进化生物学 进化生物学
- * 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
- * 动物生理学动物生理学
背景情况:
- * 奥普辛和加密染色体是关键的动物光受体蛋白质,参与光感应和昼夜节律.
- * 软体动物表现出多样化的眼睛进化,使他们成为研究光感应基因进化的理想模型.
- *了解素和加密色素的演变,可以了解它们对不同的光环境的适应.
研究的目的:
- *研究软体动物中素和加密色基因家族的进化历史和多样化.
- * 为了确定基因家族扩张,收缩和损失在各种软体动物血统中的模式.
- *将这些光受体家族中的基因组变化与生态因素和生物特征相关联.
主要方法:
- *从80个软体动物基因组组合中对蛋白质序列的遗传学分析.
- * 预测蛋白质序列和检查基因家族进化.
- *比较基因组学以评估曲目大小和进化动态.
主要成果:
- * 观察到大量的欧普辛家族扩张和收缩,特别是在双异普辛和足动物Go-opsins中.
- * 在两动物和类动物的谱系中观察到的欧普辛谱系波动;头足动物拥有较少的欧普辛.
- * 在有眼睛和没有眼睛的物种中都发生了素扩张,在没有眼睛的双动物中素含量最高.
- * 软体动物的加密染色体表现出有限的多样化,头足动物和陆地腹足动物的回忆录减少.
- * 在某些深海软体动物物种中发现的opsins和cryptochromes的完全丧失.
结论:
- *在软体动物中,素基因家族的进化是高度动态的,不仅仅与眼睛的存在有关.
- *加密染色体表现出更保守的进化相比,opsins在这个类内的.
- * 深海物种中素和加密色基因的丢失表明它们适应了非热环境.
- *这些发现为将光感应蛋白的基因组进化与软体动物的多样性和适应性联系起来奠定了基础.
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