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对火灾后管理和潜在的回燃火灾行为进行模型分析
Maureen C Kennedy1, Morris C Johnson2, Sarah C Harrison3
1University of Washington, Tacoma, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Division of Sciences and Mathematics, 1900 Commerce St, Tacoma, WA, 98402, USA.
Journal of environmental management
|December 2, 2023
概括
野火后的回收伐木可能无法防止极端的火灾行为,但它可以减少土壤的加热,并保持粗木质燃料. 对于森林管理决策,仔细考虑权衡是必不可少的.
科学领域:
- 林业和消防生态学 林业和消防生态学
- 野火后的管理管理
- 生态系统服务生态系统服务
背景情况:
- 野火越来越多地以大面积,高密度的枯树为特征.
- 由于经济原因和减少未来燃料危险,火灾后的树木采伐 (救援伐木) 被使用.
- 挽救伐木在改变再燃火灾行为的有效性及其对生态系统服务的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 模拟不同救援采伐强度对未来燃料危险和再燃火灾行为的影响.
- 评估救援采伐对土壤火灾影响和粗木碎片 (CWD) 动态的影响.
- 在生态系统功能的背景下,评估与火灾后收获相关的权衡.
主要方法:
- 利用在美国西部的四个高严重性烧伤痕中观察到的火灾后的形结构.
- 进行了初始化的模拟研究,比较未经处理的对照组与密集和中间的救援收获处理.
- 模拟了未来的粗木和细木燃料负载,反燃火灾行为和土壤火灾效应.
主要成果:
- 所有的处理方法,包括收获的支架,在几年内都表现出极端的火灾行为,这表明对再燃火灾管理的影响有限.
- 与对照组相比,收获的种群显示土壤加热和燃烧时间减少,这归因于预测较低的粗木燃料.
- 在被采摘的种群中,更高的预处理头基底面积有助于保持CWD在有利于生态系统功能的范围内.
结论:
- 尽管减少了燃料,但救援采伐可能无法消除野火后的严重火灾行为.
- 通过收获减少粗木燃料可以减轻一些土壤火灾的影响.
- 火灾后的收获决策需要仔细考虑再生,当地条件,落和潜在的反燃效应.
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