健康的饮食模式,遗传风险和胃肠癌发病风险:一项大规模前性队列研究
Yimin Cai1, Canlin Hong2, Jinxin Han3
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|December 2, 2023
概括
像DASH和hPDI这样的健康饮食模式显著降低了胃肠道癌症的风险,即使对于那些具有高遗传倾向的人来说也是如此. 这些饮食可能有助于减轻癌症的遗传风险.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 遗传学和癌症研究研究
背景情况:
- 饮食模式与胃肠道癌 (GIC) 风险有关.
- 健康饮食和GIC发育中的遗传易感性之间的相互作用仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食模式和遗传敏感性对GIC风险的独立和联合影响.
- 探索特定的饮食模式如何影响跨不同遗传背景的GIC风险.
主要方法:
- 大规模前性队列研究 (英国生物库,n=105,463) 随访时间中位数为11.7年.
- 使用牛津WebQ评估饮食摄入量,以计算食方法阻止高血压 (DASH) 和健康的植物性饮食指数 (hPDI) 成绩.
- 用GIC的多基因风险评分 (PRS) 量化遗传风险;用于分析的Cox比例危险回归.
主要成果:
- 坚持DASH和hPDI得分独立地将GIC风险分别降低了20%和36%.
- 低PRS与GIC风险下降30%有关.
- 健康饮食和高遗传风险的个体显示GIC风险降低 (DASH的HR为0.77,hPDI的HR为0.66);健康饮食和低遗传风险的个体具有最低的GIC风险 (DASH的HR为0.58,hPDI的HR为0.45).
结论:
- 饮食模式DASH和hPDI与较低的GIC风险有关.
- 这些健康的饮食模式可能会部分抵消对GIC的遗传倾向.
- 研究结果支持精准医学策略,将饮食和遗传信息整合起来,以改善胃肠道健康.
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