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在非人类灵长类动物中,响应SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的先天性和适应性免疫细胞之间的相互作用动态

Chaim A Schramm¹, Damee Moon¹, Lowrey Peyton¹

¹Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Nature communications

|December 2, 2023

概括

在 rhesus macaques 中更新的 mRNA-1273 疫苗揭示了双向免疫信号传递. 天生的和自适应性免疫细胞进行通信,增强对二次SARS-CoV-2疫苗暴露的反应.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
病毒学病毒学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

随着SARS-CoV-2的不断演变,需要评估更新的疫苗.
之前的研究集中在抗体标位和适应性免疫细胞 (B和T细胞) 上.
对于对mRNA疫苗的综合先天性和适应性免疫反应的理解有限.

研究的目的:

综合分析 rhesus 对 mRNA-1273 疫苗接种的先天性和适应性免疫反应.
调查接种疫苗后先天性和适应性免疫之间的相互作用.
为了确定二次疫苗暴露后增强反应的潜在机制.

主要方法:

原生免疫细胞和抗原特异性B细胞和T细胞的单细胞测序.
对转录组和适应性免疫受体的分析.
在疫苗接种前,第一剂后和第二剂后的时间点进行评估.

主要成果:

特定于S的T细胞分泌细胞因子,激活先天反应.
观察到CCR5表达性中间单细胞和细胞毒性自然杀手细胞的增加.
第二剂疫苗刺激了以克隆扩展的生殖中心样B细胞,向受体结合域.
这两种剂量都诱导了与抗体产生相关的炎症基因.

结论:

接种mRNA-1273疫苗会引起协调的先天性和适应性免疫反应.
天生的免疫和适应性免疫之间的双向信号增强了二次疫苗反应.
结果提供了关于疫苗有效性和潜在改进的见解.

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