采用和扩大生成人工智能的道德原则,从军事到医疗保健
David Oniani1, Jordan Hilsman1, Yifan Peng2
1Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
NPJ digital medicine
|December 2, 2023
概括
军事道德原则为医疗保健中的生成人工智能 (AI) 提供了一个框架. 这项研究提出了"GREAT PLEA"原则,以解决道德问题,并确保在医学中负责任地实施AI.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗保健技术 技术 医疗保健 技术
背景情况:
- 生成性人工智能正在快速发展,通过处理大量健康数据,它有可能彻底改变医疗保健.
- 人工智能在医疗保健中的整合引发了伦理方面的担忧,包括透明度,加剧健康差异的潜在偏见和研究不足的伦理原则.
- 在高风险环境中的军事决策与临床实践之间存在相似之处,这表明可转移的伦理框架.
研究的目的:
- 从军事领域探索用于指导医疗保健中使用生成AI的伦理原则.
- 提出一套新的伦理原则,称为"GREAT PLEA",用于医学领域的生成人工智能.
- 为了在临床实践中采用这些伦理原则,引入一个实际的框架,与军事应用相似.
主要方法:
- 对人工智能 (AI) 的军事伦理原则的审查.
- 发展"GREAT PLEA" (治理,可靠性,公平,问责,可追溯性,隐私,合法性,同理心,自治) 伦理框架,用于医疗保健中的生成人工智能.
- 对人工智能的军事和医疗保健应用之间的伦理风险和担忧的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 该研究提出了"GREAT PLEA"的伦理原则,作为医疗保健中生成人工智能的全面指南.
- 一个可转移的框架,从军事人工智能伦理学中改编出来,用于临床环境中的实际实施.
- 该研究强调,在医疗保健中广泛采用生成人工智能之前,需要积极的道德考虑.
结论:
- "GREAT PLEA"原则为解决医疗保健中生成人工智能的道德挑战提供了坚实的基础.
- 采用军事启发的伦理框架可以帮助减轻风险,并确保医疗AI的负责任创新.
- 积极的道德治理对于利用生成性AI的好处至关重要,同时保护患者的福祉和公平.
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