"母乳":与经济发展同时,母乳养的做法是否发生了社会逆转?
Elodie Rossi1, Pierre Levasseur2, Matthieu Clément1
1BSE, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, France.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|December 3, 2023
概括
随着亚洲国家的经济发展,母乳养实践从有利于穷人的转变为有利于富人的转变. 然而,早期开始母乳养在所有发展水平上仍然有利于穷人.
科学领域:
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 母乳养 (BF) 实践受到宏观和微观因素的影响,但它们与经济发展相互作用的证据有限.
- 了解不同发展阶段的家庭财富和BF实践的动态对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查随着时间的推移,亚洲国家家庭财富与母乳养关键指标之间的变化关系.
- 检查"社会逆转"现象是否适用于母乳养,即健康实践最初有利于穷人,后来有利于富人.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自15个亚洲国家的42个人口健康调查 (1990-2017).
- 使用家庭财富与经济发展水平 (低,中,高) 或时间之间的相互作用术语进行计量经济学估计.
- 工具变量估计,以解决潜在的内源性问题.
主要成果:
- 在纯母乳养 (EBF) 和继续母乳养的财富梯度中观察到显著的转变.
- 在低收入国家,EBF和持续的BF在较贫穷的家庭中更为普遍,随着经济的发展,转向更富裕的家庭.
- 对于EBF,出现了逆转,在研究期间结束时,富人中患病率更高.
- 早期启动的BF在所有经济发展水平上始终支持穷人.
结论:
- 经济发展显著改变了亚洲家庭财富和母乳养实践之间的关系.
- 社会逆转假设在独家和持续母乳养方面得到了支持,但在早期启动方面没有.
- 调查结果强调需要具体的背景策略,以促进最佳母乳养,跨越不同的社会经济层面和发展阶段.
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