学前执行职能和早期数学能力对小学数学技能的纵向贡献
Kimia Akhavein1, Caron A C Clark2, Jennifer Mize Nelson3
1Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Cognitive development
|December 4, 2023
概括
早期的执行功能 (EF) 和数学技能预测了幼儿的算术表现. 单独的EF仍然对算术准确性和速度至三年级很重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对认知发展和学术成功至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,EF和儿童的一般数学能力之间存在联系.
- 幼儿园EF和早期数学对不同算术技能的特定纵向影响仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 研究学前执行功能和早期数学能力对儿童算术准确性和反应时间的纵向贡献.
- 为了确定早期的执行功能和数学技能是否能够独特地预测随着时间的推移算术表现.
- 检查早期执行职能对算术学习的持续影响,控制以后的数学表现.
主要方法:
- 这项长度研究设计涉及283名儿童.
- 在幼儿园 (5.25岁) 评估执行功能和数学技能.
- 在一年级,二年级和三年级 (7-9岁) 测量算术准确度和反应时间.
主要成果:
- 幼儿园执行功能和数学能力独立地与7岁的算术准确度和反应时间有关.
- 学前执行功能显著预测了8岁时的算术准确性和9岁时的反应时间.
- 这些预测关系即使考虑到儿童的中间算术表现,也仍然很重要.
结论:
- 早期的执行功能和数学能力在发展算术技能方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 执行职能在整个小学期间对儿童的算术准确性和处理速度做出了持续的,独特的贡献.
- 针对早期执行功能的干预措施可以支持儿童的算术学习.
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