年龄加剧了抑郁症对种族和民族少数群体执行职能的负面影响
Zhimei Niu1, Andreana Haley1, Alexandra Clark1
1The University of Texas at Austin.
Research square
|December 4, 2023
概括
中年拉美裔和黑人成年人表现出"双重危险"效应,即年龄和抑郁症相互作用,对执行职能产生负面影响. 在非西班牙裔白人成年人中没有观察到这种效应,这表明少数群体的敏感性增加.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 衰老和抑郁症可以协同增加认知障碍的风险,特别是影响执行功能.
- 有限的研究涉及中年人群或认知衰老研究中的种族多样性.
- 历史上少数群体可能面临更严重的认知结果,由于抑郁和衰老.
研究的目的:
- 研究年龄和抑郁症对认知功能和大脑体积的影响.
- 检查在认知上年龄抑郁相互作用的民族种族差异.
- 探索前额叶皮层体积在调解这些效应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 试点研究涉及176名中年成人 (116名非西班牙裔白人,60名西班牙裔和黑人).
- 评估认知功能,专注于执行功能.
- 测量了前额叶皮层大脑体积.
- 分析了年龄,抑郁症和民族种族群体之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在中年西班牙裔和黑人成年人执行功能方面,发现了年龄和抑郁症之间的显著相互作用.
- 非西班牙裔白人成年人没有表现出这种特定的年龄与抑郁的相互作用.
- 在西班牙裔和黑人成年人中,前额叶皮层体积减少部分介导了抑郁症和执行功能之间的联系.
结论:
- 抑郁症对执行功能和前额叶皮质完整性的有害影响可能会随着年龄的增长而恶化,特别是在少数群体中.
- 历史上的少数群体可能不成比例地容易受到这种'双重危险'的衰老和抑郁影响认知健康.
- 研究结果强调了需要针对性干预,考虑到年龄和种族因素来管理抑郁症的认知后果.
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