调查可居住性的测量特性:一个范围审查
Nishita Dsouza1, Amy Carroll-Scott1, Usama Bilal2
1Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Cities & health
|December 4, 2023
概括
对公共卫生研究来说,标准化可居住性测量措施至关重要. 这次审查发现了各种定义,但重叠的指标,强调需要一致的测量来改善社区设计和健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 社区设计和设计.
背景情况:
- 将公共卫生建议与社区生活能力联系起来,提高了政策的相关性.
- 不同的可居住性定义和测量方法阻碍了理解和跨背景比较.
- 标准化的可居住性测量对于推进对其健康影响的研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查现有的宜居性措施,它们的发展,以及可靠性和有效性的证据.
- 在研究中确定可居住性概念化和测量的共识和分歧.
- 为全球应用提供标准化可居住性指标的开发信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,谷歌学者和科学网上进行了范围审查.
- 确定了744项符合条件的研究,在选和引用搜索后,最终包括了24项.
- 研究主要集中在城市环境.
主要成果:
- 在审查的研究中,关于可居住性的概念化存在最小的共识.
- 在用于衡量宜居性的领域和指标中观察到显著的重叠.
- 大多数指标显示出高可靠性,并与相关结构 (例如,位置满意度,安全性) 和自我报告的健康相关联.
结论:
- 现有的宜居度指标显示出希望,但缺乏标准化,阻碍了直接比较.
- 需要进一步的研究,以制定简洁,标准化的措施,在全球范围内创造可持续的,宜居的社区.
- 开发统一的宜居性指标将加强将公共卫生目标纳入社区设计的整合.
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