感知COVID-19风险,准备和预防性健康行为的交叉点:潜伏类细分分析
Osaro Mgbere1,2,3, Sorochi Iloanusi2, Ismaeel Yunusa4
1Institute of Community Health University of Houston College of Pharmacy Houston, TX United States.
Online journal of public health informatics
|December 4, 2023
概括
尼日利亚居民对COVID-19风险的看法各不相同,尽管存在信息差距和误解,但许多人低估了他们的风险. 需要针对高风险群体进行量身定制的干预,以改善疫情应对.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- COVID-19风险感知显著影响流行病的传播和公共行为.
- 了解行为反应,包括准备和预防措施,对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 在人口密的城市环境中评估风险感知可以为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于自我感知和潜在类分析 (LCA) 的COVID-19风险.
- 检查风险感知与准备,误解,信息缺口和预防实践之间的关联.
- 在尼日利亚的Onitsa居民中确定不同的风险集群.
主要方法:
- 在尼日利亚的奥尼沙 (Onitsha) 的140名居民进行了横截面调查 (2020年3月).
- 隐性类分析 (LCA) 使用预期最大化算法来识别风险集群.
- 双变量和多变量后勤回归用于分析与知识,态度和实践的关联.
主要成果:
- 大多数 (60.7%) 有良好的知识,但认为风险低; 74.6% 遇到信息缺口,62.9% 有误解.
- LCA确定了三个风险集群:低风险 (47.5%),高风险 (16.2%) 和非常高风险 (36.4%).
- 自我感知和基于LCA的风险 (κ=-0.218,P=.01) 之间显著的负面一致性;预测的预防实践需要知识,态度和信息.
结论:
- 风险感知显著影响COVID-19的预防实践,强调了有针对性的卫生政策的必要性.
- 已识别的风险集群,特别是高风险群体,需要多元干预措施,以改善疫情应对.
- 通过量身定制的干预措施解决可修改的风险行为可以增强人口层面的公共卫生战略.
相关概念视频
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
1.6K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
1.6K
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
372
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
372
Concepts of Health and Illness
14.5K
Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
14.5K
Causality in Epidemiology
428
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
428
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I
2.0K
A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
2.0K
Introduction to Epidemiology
742
Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
742


