对于元认知和元元认知的常见计算
Yunxuan Zheng1, Samuel Recht2, Dobromir Rahnev1
1School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.
Neuroscience of consciousness
|December 4, 2023
概括
人们可以评估他们对决策的信心 (元认知) 和他们对这种信心的信心 (元元认知). 这项研究表明,元元认知判断是由同一个认知系统做出的,没有额外的成本.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 超认知,或反思自己的认知状态的能力,对于决策至关重要.
- 最近的研究表明,存在一种meta-metacognitive能力来评估metacognitive判断.
- 目前尚不清楚元元认知是否涉及到与基础元认知分开的独特的神经系统或计算过程.
研究的目的:
- 调查元元认知判断 (类型-3) 是否通过与元元认知判断 (类型-2) 独立的系统进行计算.
- 在感知决策任务中比较Type-2和Type-3评估的计算成本和特征.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (N=36) 执行了一项感知决策任务,提供1型 (刺激识别),2型 (信心) 和3型 (对信心的信心) 响应.
- 一个对照条件只涉及4点级别的1型和2型反应.
- 分析了行为数据,以比较二进制Type-2/Type-3响应与分级Type-2响应的属性.
主要成果:
- 观察到强有力的证据表明meta-metacognitive能力 (类型-3反应).
- 将二进制的Type-2和Type-3响应结合起来,产生了与4点Type-2响应相当的结果.
- 与Type-2评估不同的是,Type-3判断没有产生额外的元认知噪音.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,元认知和元元认知可能来自于单一的灵活的认知系统.
- 这个系统可以递归地适应生成信任判断和对这些判断的评估.
- 在感知决策中,对meta-metacognition没有必要使用单独的计算系统.
相关概念视频
Metacognition
167
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
167
Critical Thinking II
2.8K
Critical thinking is a cognitive process with several attributes. The attributes of critical thinking include the following:
2.8K
Critical Thinking I
3.3K
Critical thinking helps decision-making and allows nurses to recognize barriers to success and find solutions to possible issues. It helps to brainstorm and implement ideas to achieve goals. Critical thinking helps acknowledge and state workflow inefficiencies while improving management techniques. Nurses understand the value of critical thinking and look for fellow nurses with critical thinking skills to upgrade their professional standards. Critical thinking can advance a nurse's career...
3.3K
Patient-centered Care
2.0K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
2.0K
Critical Thinking
108
Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...
Colleges and universities are...
108
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness
273
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
273


