术后恶心和吐的口香糖预防在重症监护室:一个试点随机对照试验
Hussam Abdelkarim1, Natasha Ciampoli2, Lara Zwakman-Hessels3,4
1Department of Intensive care, Ballarat Health Service, Ballarat, VIC, Australia.
概括
在重症监护室 (ICU) 患者中,口香糖没有有效地预防术后恶心和吐 (PONV). 这项试点研究发现,接受口香糖和接受水治疗的患者之间的PONV发病率没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 手术护理 医疗护理
背景情况:
- 手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 是手术后的一个常见并发症.
- 有效的预防策略对于改善患者康复至关重要,特别是在重症监护室 (ICU) 设置中.
- 已经被探索为PONV的非药物干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估口香糖在预防ICU的成年患者手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 的疗效.
- 为了比较接受口香糖的患者和接受水的对照组之间恶心,吐和吐的发生率.
主要方法:
- 一个前性的,开放的标签,试点随机对照试验在两个大都会重症监护室进行.
- 90名术后成年患者被随机分为两组:一组每4小时口香糖15分钟,对照组每4小时口服20毫升水.
- 主要结局是患者在24小时内报告的恶心发作;次要结局包括吐/复发发作和恶心严重程度/持续时间.
主要成果:
- 在患有恶心的患者数量中没有观察到统计学上显著的差异 (22%的口香糖与27%的对照组相比;P=0.72).
- 吐或干的发生率也没有显著差异 (4%的口香糖与14%的对照群相比;P=0.24).
- 恶心发作,持续时间和严重程度在口香糖组没有显著改善.
结论:
- 定期的术后口香糖给药并没有减少手术ICU患者中恶心,吐或吐的发生率.
- 这项研究表明,在这个特定的ICU队列中,PONV的患病率可能比以前报告的要低.
- 这些发现为未来的PONV预防研究提供了洞察力,在术后的ICU人群中进行PONV预防.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
168
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...
168
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
215
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
215
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway
445
Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
Equipment Required
445
Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management
701
Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
701
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
303
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
303
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
285
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
285


