在初级保健中对移民中精神障碍的查和常规诊断:一个横截面研究
Stella Evangelidou1, Angeline Cruz1, Yolanda Osorio2
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona). Carrer Roselló 132, 40, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of migration and health
|December 4, 2023
概括
移民心理健康状况很普遍,特别是在女性和来自拉丁美洲的移民中. 初级保健干预对于解决这些被忽视的健康需求和确保所有移民获得公平护理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康服务研究 心理健康服务研究
背景情况:
- 移民在东道国面临着精神健康状况的高风险.
- 初级医疗保健机构是识别和解决移民心理健康问题的关键点.
- 常规诊断和移民中精神障碍的风险因素需要详细描述.
研究的目的:
- 描述在初级保健中移民患者中精神疾病和相关风险因素的流行情况.
- 评估一种新的临床决策支持系统 (CDSS) 对移民心理健康评估的有用性.
主要方法:
- 在西班牙加泰罗尼亚的八个初级保健中心进行了一项横截面研究 (2018年3月至12月).
- 电子健康记录被分析为精神障碍的诊断 (ICD-10代码F01-F99,R45,G47).
- 后勤回归模型评估了风险因素;通过遵守查建议来评估CDSS效用.
主要成果:
- 在14,130名移民中,3.7%被诊断患有精神障碍,女性 (4.7%),拉丁美洲 (5.1%) 和最近抵达的移民的比例更高.
- 焦虑症 (2.5%) 和情绪障碍 (0.5%) 是最常见的. 女性,经常使用医疗保健的人,以及那些患有传染病的人,精神疾病的几率更高.
- 该CDSS工具的实用性有限,只有1.6%的来自冲突地区的符合条件的移民接受了评估,并且有一个案例被正确识别.
结论:
- 移民的心理健康状况在初级保健机构中经常被忽视.
- 加强和调整的初级保健干预措施对于确保移民人口的健康平等至关重要.
- 移民心理健康决策支持工具的实施和实用性需要进一步调查和改进.
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