差分学习对恒定宽跃的影响
Diego Rivera1, Tanner Robinson1, Adam C King1,2
1Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Perceptual and motor skills
|December 4, 2023
概括
不同训练提高了跳跃距离,而不是基于重复的训练提高了爆炸性运动技能. 然而,这两种方法都没有显著提高训练后的跳跃性能,尽管水平起飞速度增加了.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 获得运动技能对于体育表现至关重要.
- 两种突出的学习策略是差异学习和基于重复的学习.
- 了解它们在爆炸运动中的有效性是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较差分学习与基于重复的学习对爆炸性运动技能的影响.
- 调查与每个培训方法相关的生物力学变化.
- 评估在常态宽跳任务中的性能改进.
主要方法:
- 27名参与者参加了四次站立宽跳的培训课程.
- 培训涉及差异学习或基于重复的方法.
- 在训练前和训练后的评估中测量了跳跃距离和地面反应力 (GRFvert,RFD,Vhor).
主要成果:
- 与以重复为基础的训练相比,差异训练导致跳跃距离显著增加 (p < .001).
- 在任何一组中都没有观察到从训练前到训练后跳跃距离的显著改善 (p = .15).
- 在训练后,水平起飞速度 (Vhor) 显著增加 (p = .03).
结论:
- 不同训练可能不会为分离,爆炸性运动任务提供性能优势,训练暴露有限.
- 特定任务的要求可能会影响差异学习的有效性.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明影响通过差异化培训获得技能的因素.
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